Client, practitioner and system characteristics influencing the occurrence of secondary traumatic stress {STS} in mental health practitioners

Secondary Traumatic Stress [STS] is a constellation of conditions ranging from Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)-like symptoms to transformative cognitive shifts in self and world view. Prior to the mid 1990's much of the STS research focused on emergency responders (Arvay, M.J. 2001, Arvay & Uhlemann 2001), human service providers (Follette et al 1996, Bride 1995), and on one type of STS--vicarious traumatization. Since the mid 1990's STS research has increased in scope and volume, yet, little is known about how mental health practitioners experience Secondary Traumatic Stress.

Clinical manual for management of PTSD

The Clinical Manual for Management of PTSD has latest information on post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This manual covers a topics relevant to clinical practice and addresses basic, specific aspects of diagnosis and treatment. This manual tries to bridge gap between research community and clinician by providing clinically relevant information.

Combat exposure and mental health: the long-term effects among US Vietnam and Gulf veterans

Using a random sample of more than 4000 veterans, we test the effects of combat exposure on mental health. We focus on two cohorts of veterans: those who served in Vietnam (1964-1975) and the Gulf War (1990-1991). Combat exposure differed between these groups in intensity, duration and elapsed time since exposure. We find that combat exposure generally, and exposure to dead, dying, or wounded people, specifically, is a significant predictor of mental health declines as measured by an individual's Mental Component Summary score.

Coming home may hurt: risk factors for mental ill health in US reservists after deployment in Iraq

Background: Little research has been conducted on the factors that may explain the higher rates of mental health problems in United States National Guard soldiers who have deployed to the Iraq War. Aims: To examine whether financial hardship, job loss, employer support and the effect of deployment absence on co-workers were associated with depression and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Method: Cross-sectional data were obtained from 4034 National Guard soldiers at two time points. All measures were assessed by self-report.

Community resilience in natural disasters

The book aims to better understand the experinces of local communities in order to enable outsiders to find ways to respect and build on local strengths in assisting communities dealing with disasters.

Comparing premodern melancholy/mania and modern trauma: an argument in favor of historical experiences of trauma

Historians and psychiatrists have repeatedly looked to both real and imagined individuals of the past, like Achilles and Samuel Pepys, and found evidence that they were suffering from symptoms of trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder. The assumptions that allow such historical diagnoses have, however, recently been called into question by philosophers such as lan Hacking, anthropologists like Allan Young and psychiatrists such as Patrick Bracken.

Children's perspectives on dealing with traumatic events

Understanding children's recovery after trauma is considered important, but existing theories are mainly based on adult research. We carried out semistructured interviews with 25 purposively sampled children (8–12 years old) exposed to single-incident trauma. The children had been affected by the event itself but also by a long aftermath with secondary stressors.

Childhood trauma and increased stress sensitivity in psychosis

OBJECTIVE: The notion that traumatic experiences in childhood may predict later psychotic outcomes would be strengthened if a plausible mechanism could be demonstrated. Because increased stress sensitivity is part of the behavioural expression of psychosis liability, the possible mediating role of childhood trauma was investigated. METHOD: Fifty patients with psychosis were studied with the experience sampling method to assess stress reactivity in daily life, defined as emotional and psychotic reactivity to stress.

Childhood traumatization by primary caretaker and affect dysregulation in patients with borderline personality disorder and somatoform disorder

Affect regulation is often compromised as a result of early life interpersonal traumatization and disruption in caregiving relationships like in situations where the caretaker is emotionally, sexually or physically abusing the child. Prior studies suggest a clear relationship between early childhood attachment-related psychological trauma and affect dysregulation.

Can we facilitate posttraumatic growth in combat veterans?

The Comprehensive Soldier Fitness program, currently under development for the U.S. Army, will include a component designed to increase the possibilities for posttraumatic growth in the aftermath of combat. In this article, the author's briefly review studies that provide evidence for this phenomenon in combat veterans, and they suggest elements that such a program might include to facilitate posttraumatic growth. They urge the Army to conduct randomized controlled trials testing the efficacy of the program prior to its implementation.

Pages