Responding to the psychosocial impact of the Tsunami in a war zone: experiences from northern Sri Lanka

Three days after theTsunami hit the war-torn Jaffna district in northern Sri Lanka, a mental health task force was formed. The approach of this task force, comprising a cooperative initiative between 18 humanitarian agencies, is described in this field report.

Keywords: tsunami, psychological first aid

Before the Tsunami

Bread and roses: supporting refugee women in a multicultural group

This field report describes the support and reconciliation work in a weekly multicultural and multilingual therapeutic group of African refugee women in a shelter in Johannesburg, South Africa. The problems of the participants, the therapeutic approach (which includes: team building exercises, guided imaginations, story telling, drawing, modelling and discussion) as well as the impact on the participants, are all discussed.

Keywords: reconciliation, support

 

Violence with a purpose: exploring the functions and meaning of violence in the Democratic Republic of Congo

In situations of protracted armed conflict such as in sub-Saharan Africa, there exists a strong tendency to describe rebel violence as a senseless war of ‘all-against-allThis ‘Hobbesian’ violence (a theory that people have the fundamental right to pursue selfish aims but will relinquish those rights in the interest of the common good) is often illustrated by the sight of drugged and gun-toting youths engaged in the harassment of innocent civilians. Their sole motivation appears to lay in the benefit of organized plunder.

Integrating psychosocial issues in humanitarian and development assistance: a response to Williamson and Robinson

We greatly welcome Williamson and Robinson’s paper (Intervention, this issue) on two counts. Given the specific goal of the Psychosocial Working Group (PWG) to promote debate leading towards practice development, we are delighted that one of our papers on conceptual and field implementation issues (Strang & Ager, 2003) is credited as a prompt to this thoughtful article. More importantly, we support the core contentions of their paper even if not, as discussed below, all details of their prescription for action.

Integrated programme planning and psychosocial concepts in humanitarian response: a response to Williamson and Robinson

The article by John Williamson and Malia Robinson (Intervention, this issue) represents a way of humanitarian thinking and acting that will hopefully increase its influence to dominate humanitarian response across all sectors. The authors argue for an integrated, cross-sector response to biological, material, mental, emotional, social, cultural and spiritual well-being. We agree.

Psychosocial interventions, or integrated programming for well-being?

Over the past 25years, humanitarian programming has increasingly included attention to the psychological and social impacts ofconflict. Over this time, a wide variety of approaches have been developed to address these ‘psychosocial’ issues. The authors argue that labelling these approaches, as a distinct and separate sector of activity is not helpful, either conceptually or programmatically.

How to prevent turning trauma into a disaster?

This is also seen in military personnel who are deployed in overseas peace-keeping operations. The vast majority of soldiers return home safe and healthy. They are often self-contented. They were able to do the duties they were trained for, they were given an opportu-nity to contribute to a safer world and they often have experienced bonding with colleagues. The reverse of the medal consists of a small, but significant part of military personnel who are faced with a great diversity of health prob-lems. About one out of every five sol-diers develops post-deployment symp-toms (1).

Effects of Brief Eclectic Psychotherapy in patients with posttraumatic stress disorder : Randomized clinical trial

Brief Eclectic Psychotherapy (BEP) is a manualized psychotherapy for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) which has proven effective for police officers. This article reports on a randomized clinical trial using BEP to treat other types of PTSD patients recruited from an outpatient clinic. Twenty-four patients were randomly assigned to a treatment or a waitlist group. Assessment of PTSD was made before and after the treatment period (4 months). No significant differences between the groups were observed at pretest.

Culture sensitive aspects of psychosocial postdisaster care in the Netherlands after the Bijlmermeer airplane crash and the Enschede fireworkdisaster.

When a disaster strikes, a large group of people may be affected either mentally or physically. This group, although united by their communual ordeal, may consist of people of differnt ethnic or cultural origin.

Coping with the aftermath of trauma

Adequate survival behaviour is a crucial “gift of nature.” Humans have been fairly successful in reducing the threat to life. Nevertheless, crossing a street or driving a car requires increased alertness in order to survive. Natural disasters such as the recent tsunami and man-made disasters such as war, terrorist attacks, killing, robbing, sexual and physical abuse, and plane crashes show how vulnerable we are. After surviving such an event, people need basics—food, shelter, medical care, and consolation.

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