Underdiagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder in at risk youth

Three studies examined the diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in agencies treating at risk youth. Studies 1 and 2 (1999) found that baseline PTSD diagnosis was rare in a residential and an outpatient agency (2.3% and 5.4%, respectively) whereas trauma-focused interviews identified PTSD in 47.7% and 44.6% of these clients. Subsequent training efforts increased awareness of PTSD and recognition of unique issues in assessing at risk youth.

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Trauma exposure and hypothalamic-pituitary- adrenal axis functioning in mentally healthy Dutch peacekeeping veterans, 10-25 years after deployment

Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis alterations have been found in veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). It is unclear whether trauma exposure during adulthood in the absence of psychopathology is also associated with HPA-axis dysregulation. Thirty-six trauma-exposed peacekeepers, 23 nonexposed peacekeepers, and 25 nonexposed civilians, all without lifetime psychopathology were studied. Basal HPA-axis functioning was assessed with salivary cortisol samples obtained over 2 days. HPA-axis reactivity was assessed with the dexamethasone/corticotropin-releasing hormone test.

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Trauma exposure in relation to basal salivary cortisol and the hormone response to the dexamethasone/CRH test in male railway employees without lifetime psychopathology

Dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA)-axis is hypothesized to underlie stress-related psychiatric disorders such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). We aimed to explore whether trauma exposure is associated with alterations in HPA-axis functioning in the absence of lifetime psychiatric morbidity. We included 39 trauma-exposed healthy male subjects (mean age=47 years, SD=9.2) and 24 non-exposed healthy male controls (mean age=47.4 years, SD=14.5). All subjects were free of lifetime psychopathology.

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Trauma history and risk of the irritable bowel syndrome in women veterans

BACKGROUND: Over 1.8 million women in the U.S. are veterans of the armed services. They are at increased risk of occupational traumas, including military sexual trauma. AIM: To evaluate the association between major traumas and irritable bowel syndrome among women veterans accessing Veteran Affairs (VA) healthcare. METHODS: We administered questionnaires to assess trauma history as well as IBS, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression symptoms to 337 women veterans seen for primary care at VA Women's Clinic between 2006 and 2007.

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Traumabearbeitung in der gruppenanalytischen Psychotherapie: Identifikationsprozesse in einer gemischten Gruppe mit Tätern und Opfern von sexuellem Missbrauch

All reports about homogenous groups of victims or perpetrators, as well as my own experience, show that the process of cross-identification between victims and perpetrators can only be worked through in mixed groups with victims and perpetrators. This process of crossidentification was supported by mirroring, resonance, holding and containing inside the group. The following identification processes could be differentiated: 1.

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Traumas, deuils et témoignage: élaboration des traumas et travail de deuil chez les enfants juifs cachés en France pendant l'Occupation = Traumas and testimony, the work of mourning of jewish children hidden in France during World War II

Les enfants juifs, orphelins de la Shoah ayant survécu aux persécutions nazies et à la collaboration française en étant cachés ont souvent été confrontés à de multiples traumatismes. Devenus adultes, parents et grands-parents, certains d'entre eux participent depuis plusieurs années à des associations visant à honorer et transmettre la mémoire de leurs parents assassinés en déportation.

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Trauma and resilience in young refugees: a 9-year follow-up study

The aim of the present study was to assess and understand the long-term trajectory of psychological problems among young Middle Eastern refugees in Denmark. Participants were 131 young refugees from the Middle East (76 girls, 55 boys, mean age = 15.3 years) from 67 families. They were assessed first on arrival in Denmark in 1992-1993 and again 8-9 years later. The high prevalence of psychological problems at arrival was considerably reduced by the time of follow-up, but it was still somewhat higher than what has been found in most community studies using the same assessment tools.

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Trait self-enhancement as a buffer against potentially traumatic events: A prospective study

Longitudinal research has associated the disposition toward self-enhancing biases with better adjustment following potentially traumatic events (PTEs). However, self-enhancement was always measured in these studies after the PTE, thus confounding it with exposure. This study used a prospective design that tracked PTEs in college students over a 4-year period using an online checklist (n = 69). Most participants experienced at least 1 PTE, and the mean number of PTEs was 4.40.

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Trauma and current Posttraumatic stress symptoms in elderly German women who experienced wartime rapes in 1945

The aim of this study was to determine the persistent trauma impact and significant posttraumatic stress symptoms in a sample of very elderly German women who survived the mass rapes committed by soldiers at the end of World War II. A total of 27 women were recruited, interviewed, and then administered a modified Posttraumatic Diagnostic Scale.

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The roles of the health sector and health workers before, during and after violent conflict

Abstract

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