Killing versus witnessing in combat Trauma and reports of PTSD symptoms and domestic violence

Active participation in combat trauma increased reports of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms over passive witnessing of trauma. Using archival data from 376 U.S. soldiers who took part in the family interview component of the 1988 National Vietnam Veteran Readjustment Study (NVVRS), findings are that even after statistically accounting for witnessing combat trauma, U.S. soldiers who likely killed enemy soldiers in combat reported elevated levels of PTSD symptoms.

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Life stress, 5-HTTLPR and mental disorder: findings from a 30-year longitudinal study

Background: Recent meta-analyses have raised concerns about the replicability of gene x environment interactions involving the serotonin transporter gene (5-HTTLPR) in moderating the associations between adverse life events and mental disorders. Aims: To use data gathered over the course of a 30-year longitudinal study of a New Zealand birth cohort to test the hypothesis that the presence of short (&lsquo,s&rsquo,) alleles of 5-HTTLPR are associated with an increased response to life stress.

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Long-term outcomes of disability benefits in US veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder

CONTEXT: Most studies examining the clinical impact of disability benefits have compared aid recipients with people who never applied for benefits. Such practices may bias findings against recipients because disability applicants tend to be much sicker than never-applicants. Furthermore, these studies ignore the outcomes of denied claimants. OBJECTIVE: To examine long-term outcomes associated with receiving or not receiving Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) disability benefits for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), the most common mental disorder for which veterans seek such benefits.

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Imperialist Air War. East German academic Research and Memory Politics reflected in the Work of Olaf Groehler

This chapter analyses the work of GDR historians on the air war and the Allied bombing campaign, particularly the work of Olaf Groehler, the leading GDR expert on the air war. The chapter situates Groehler's work within official GDR memory politics and explores Groehler's work as an attempt to distance himself from both the dominant SED narrative as well as West German apologetic tendencies. It argues, however, that Groehler ultimately remained within the parameters of a GDR 'victim discourse' by shifting German responsibility onto 'fascist imperialism', or AngloAmerican imperialism

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Interpersonel Psychotherapy (IPT) for PTSD: A Case Study

Interpersonal Psychotherapy (IPT), a time-limited, evidence-based treatment, has shown efficacy in treating major depressive disorder and other psychiatric conditions. Interpersonal Psychotherapy focuses on the patient's current life events and social and interpersonal functioning for understanding and treating symptoms. This case report demonstrates the novel use of IPT as treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Preliminary evidence suggests IPT may relieve PTSD symptoms without focusing on exposure to trauma reminders.

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Impact of sexual violence on children in the Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo

The conflict in the Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) has been particularly devastating for children and has been typified by high levels of sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV). In this study, we seek to characterize the patterns and impact of sexual violence on children in the Eastern DRC. Semi-structured questionnaires were administered among a convenience sample of women <18 years of age presenting for post-sexual-violence care at Panzi Hospital in South Kivu, DRC.

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Human Agency and the Meaning of Informed Consent: Reflections on Research with Refugees

Recent analysis of the ethics of research with refugees suggests that there are practical and theoretical issues to be addressed in achieving informed consent from participants who are in vulnerable situations. This article reviews the questions that are central to this concern, focusing in particular on the challenge of ensuring that the human agency of refugees is sustained and promoted. A model for research work with refugees is described and discussed, drawn from a participatory action research project, which demonstrates a way in which these core ethical principles can be achieved.

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Human Rights & Psychotraumatology: abstracts from 12th European Conference on Traumatic Stress Vienna, 2-5 June 2011

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Group cognitive behaviour therapy for military service-related post-traumatic stress disorder: effectiveness, sustainability and repeatability

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess 12 month outcomes of Australian combat veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) who participated in a 6 week group-based CBT programme at the Toowong Private Hospital. The study population included 496 consecutive admissions to the programme between 1999 and 2008. Method: Self-report measures of PTSD, depression, anxiety, anger, alcohol use, relationship satisfaction and quality of life parameters were collected at intake and 3, 6 and 12 months post intake.

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Experiénces potentiellement traumatisantes des secouristes: lors d'une catastrophe technologique

Cet article traite des expériences vécues par les sapeurs-pompiers et les personnels des services d'aide médicale urgente pendant et immédiatement après les opérations de secours lors de la catastrophe de Ghislenghien. Une analyse phénoménologique indique que les sapeurs-pompiers ont rapporté plus de menaces vitales ressenties et d'exposition directe à la mort que les personnels des services d'aide médicale urgente.

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