Breaking the Chain of Command : Toward a theoretical framework : Explaining how and why soldiers disobey illegal order

Soldiers who receive an illegal order find themselves in a dilemma: they must make a choice between refusing to obey their superior or committing a crime. This study takes a multidisciplinary approach to better understand and explain how and why soldiers refuse to obey illegal orders for conscientious reasons. The study aims at contributing to the academic community by proposing a novel theoretical framework that includes examining factors in three interactive dimensions.

 

Correction : Mobile Insight in Risk, Resilience, and Online Referral (MIRROR) : Psychometric Evaluation of an Online Self-Help Test

In “Mobile Insight in Risk, Resilience, and Online Referral (MIRROR): Psychometric Evaluation of an Online Self-Help Test” (J Med Internet Res 2020;22(9):e19716) one correction was made. This does not affect the analysis nor does it affect the interpretation or presentation of the results in the study.

 

In the “Methods” section, under “Measures” and “Depression, Anxiety and Stress”, the following phrase appears:

 

Upward and Downward Counterfactual Thought after Loss : A Multi-wave Controlled Longitudinal Study

Highlights

 

• Non-referent upward counterfactuals related positively to baseline psychopathology

• Self-referent upward counterfactuals related positively to future psychopathology

• Effects of self-referent upward counterfactuals about loss were unique to the event

• Prolonged grief treatments should focus on themes of guilt, regret and self-blame

 

Abstract

 

Editorial : Grief Disorders : Clinical, Cultural, and Epidemiological Aspects

Grief disorders have recently been included in international diagnostic classifications, including the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders [DSM-5; (1)] and the 11th edition of the International Classification of Diseases [ICD-11; (2)]. Specifically, DSM-5 now includes the category “other specified trauma- and stressor-related disorder,” with persistent complex bereavement disorder as one of the specific examples, and ICD-11 includes prolonged grief disorder (PGD).

CBT for Prolonged Grief in Children and Adolescents : A Randomized Clinical Trial

Objective: Prolonged grief disorder wasnewly included in ICD-11 and resembles persistent complex bereavement disorder, newly included in DSM-5.

Wellbeing and clinical videoconferencing satisfaction among patients in psychotrauma treatment during the coronavirus pandemic : cross-sectional study

Background: The coronavirus pandemic appears to put psychiatric patients with pre-existing symptomatology at risk of symptom increase, but evidence is scarce. While the pandemic and stringent governmental measures have accelerated the use of clinical videoconferencing (VCT), patient satisfaction with VCT is unclear. 

 

Objective: Aim of the study was to assess the wellbeing of patients in psychotrauma treatment during the coronavirus pandemic and to evaluate their use of and satisfaction with VCT. 

 

Can Circumstances Be Softened? Self-Efficacy, Post-Migratory Stressors, and Mental Health among Refugees

Post-migratory stressors (PS) are a risk factor for mental health problems among resettled refugees. There is a need to identify factors which can reduce this burden. Self-efficacy (SE) is associated with refugees’ mental health. The current study examined whether SE can protect this group from the impact of PS on mental wellbeing. Higher levels of PS were expected to be associated with higher levels of mental health problems. In addition, we expected this linkage to be moderated by lower SE.

Ketamine treatment upon memory retrieval reduces fear memory in marmoset monkeys

Emotionally arousing experiences are retained very well as seen in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Various lines of evidence indicate that reactivation of these memories renders them labile which offers a potential time-window for intervention. We tested in non-human primates whether ketamine, administered during fear memory reactivation, affected passive (inhibitory) avoidance learning. For the consolidation of contextual emotional memory, the unescapable foot-shock paradigm in a passive avoidance task with two compartments (dark vs illuminated) was used.

Trauma, PTSD, and complex PTSD in the Republic of Ireland : prevalence, service use, comorbidity, and risk factors

Purpose This study represents the first assessment of the prevalence of trauma exposure, and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and Complex PTSD (CPTSD), ever conducted in the general population of the Republic of Ireland. Additionally, prevalence of past-year mental health service use, comorbidity with major depression and generalized anxiety, and risk factors associated with PTSD and CPTSD were assessed.

 

Initial Insights From a Study of Emotions and Positive Personality Change in Syrian : Origin Young Adults Who Have Recently Resettled in the Netherlands

Post-traumatic growth is a compelling idea (Calhoun & Tedeschi, 2014), yet, extant research has often employed retrospective reports of change, rather than examining change over time. In Karakter, we followed a sample of Syrian origin young adults who recently resettled in the

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