Neural correlates of self-reflection in post-traumatic stress disorder

Objective: Disturbances in self-referential processing (SRP) are increasingly recognized in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). In healthy adults, SRP tasks engage the medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) and posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) brain regions that have shown altered function in PTSD. We hypothesized that individuals with PTSD would differ from controls in functional activation of the MPFC and PCC during SRP. Method: We compared neural activation in healthy controls (n = 15) and participants with PTSD (n = 20) during a SRP task, using fMRI at .0T.

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Mental health problems among search and rescue workers deployed in the Haïti earthquake 2010: A pre-post comparison

Search and rescue workers play an important role in rescuing trapped disaster victims. However, it is unclear whether they are at risk for post-disaster mental health problems. For this purpose we prospectively examined pre- and post-deployment health among Dutch search and rescue workers (USAR NL) deployed in the devastating Haiti earthquake disaster (2010).

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Mental health training with soldiers four months after returning from Iraq: randomization by Platoon

Military personnel report significant and increasing mental health problems in the months following return from combat. Nevertheless, studies have not assessed the impact of mental health training with this at-risk population. The present study evaluated the efficacy of a prototype mental health training module designed for U.S. soldiers 3-6 months after returning from combat, the module was a component of the Battlemind Training system. Soldiers (N = 1,645) were randomly assigned by platoon to 1 hour of training or a survey-only control group.

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Maltreatment of People With Serious Mental Illness in the Early 20th Ccentury : a Focus on Nazi Germany and Eugenics in America

Prejudice and stigma against people with mental illness can be seen throughout history. The worst instance of this prejudice was connected to the rise of the eugenics movement in the early 20th century. Although the Nazi German T-4 program of killing people with mental illness was the most egregious culmination of this philosophy, the United States has its own dark eugenics history-nearing a slippery slope all too similar to that of the Nazis.

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Mental health in war-affected populations

Het proefschrift gaat over het vóórkomen van mentale problemen onder populaties in niet-westerse oorlogsgetroffen gebieden, en over methoden om deze problemen te verzachten via interventies die zijn gericht op maatschappelijke reïntegratie. In dit boek wordt het werkmodel en de uitvoering van een psychosociaal hulpprogramma beschreven, het 'community-based sociotherapy'-programma.

 

 

Signatuur: s8.7 SCH en 8.7 SCH-I

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Long term psychosocial consequences for disaster affected persons belonging to ethnic minorities

In deze dissertatie staan de psychosociale gevolgen voor getroffen etnische minderheden van de Vuurwerkramp te Enschede centraal. Er wordt gebruik gemaakt van drie methoden van onderzoek: een vergelijkend vragenlijstonderzoek, een kwalitatief onderzoek en een huisartsenmonitor. De gepresenteerde studies in deze dissertatie beschrijven of er inderdaad verschillen zijn in posttraumatische problemen tussen etnische groepen.

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Long-Term Outcomes of Cognitive-Behavioral Treatments for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Among Female Rape Survivors

Objective: We conducted a long-term follow-up (LTFU) assessment of participants from a randomized controlled trial comparing cognitive processing therapy (CPT) with prolonged exposure (PE) for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Competing hypotheses for positive outcomes (i.e., additional therapy, medication) were examined. Method: Intention-to-treat (ITT) participants were assessed 5-10 years after participating in the study (M = 6.15, SD = 1.22). We attempted to locate the 171 original participants, women with PTSD who had experienced at least one rape.

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Keeping up Spirits: The Effects of Trust in Lower-Level and Higher-Level Leaders on Morale of Deployed Soldiers

Trust in leadership is essential in high-risk work-environments such as the military. Without a willingness to be vulnerable to the leader's directives, soldiers may lose their focus and become less prepared to respond to operational demands. The present research examined how trust in different hierarchical leaders affects soldiers' morale, defined by his or her enthusiasm and dedication to mission goals.

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In the best interest of the child? : a study into a decision-support tool validating asylum-seeking children's rights from a behavioural scientific perspective

In Art. 3(1) van het Internationaal Verdrag voor de Rechten van het Kind is bepaald dat bij alle besluiten die het leven van kinderen raken, het ‘belang van het kind’ een eerste overweging dient te zijn. In dit onderzoek staat centraal hoe het ‘belang van het kind’ op methodische wijze tot uitdrukking kan worden gebracht ten behoeve van juridische besluitvormingsprocedures. Hiertoe is een instrument, genaamd de Best Interest of the Child - Questionnaire (BIC-Q), ontwikkeld en onderzocht op betrouwbaarheid en validiteit. De onderzoeksgroep bestaat uit asielzoekerskinderen.

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Integrated treatment: a conceptual framework for an evidence-based approach to the treatment of personality disorder

A framework is proposed for selecting and combining eclectic treatment methods and delivering them in a coordinated way. The framework has two components: (1). a system for conceptualizing personality disorder based on empirical knowledge about the structure, etiology, development, and stability of personality pathology to use as a guide to selecting interventions and planning the sequence in which they will be used, and (2), a model of therapeutic change based on the general literature on psychotherapy outcome and specific studies of PD treatments.

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