Biological and symptom changes in posttraumatic stress disorder treatment: a randomized clinical trial

Background Understanding cognitive and biological mechanisms of PTSD treatment can help refine treatments and increase rates of response.Methods Thirty-six veterans with PTSD were randomly assigned to receive Prolonged exposure therapy (PE) or Present-Centered therapy (PCT). We examined symptoms, trauma-related cognitions, and two indices of HPA axis function (cortisol awakening response and cortisol response to a script-driven imagery task).ResultsThirty veterans started treatment and 26 completed. PE resulted in significantly more symptom reduction than PCT (P = .008).

Read more

Are 60-minute Prolonged Exposure Sessions with 20-minute Imaginal Exposure to Traumatic Memories Sufficient to Successfully Treat PTSD? A Randomized Noninferiority Clinical Trial

The study aims to determine whether 60-minute sessions of prolonged exposure (PE) that include 20-minutes of imaginal exposure (IE) are noninferior to the standard 90-minute sessions that include 40-minutes of IE in treating posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and to explore the relationship of treatment outcome to within- and between-session habituation and change in negative cognitions. Thirty-nine adult veterans with chronic PTSD were randomly assigned to 90-minute (n = 19) or 60-minute sessions (n = 20) of PE.

Read more

Are we happy with the impact factor?

Which journal should I choose for the publication of my research? Which indicators of quality are important? How do I best reach a wide and international audience? Which journal within my field has most impact or the highest Impact Factor?

Read more

Assessing Treatment-Resistant Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: The Emory Treatment Resistance Interview for PTSD (E-TRIP)

Patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) who fail to respond to established treatments are at risk for chronic disability and distress. Although treatment-resistant PTSD (TR-PTSD) is a common clinical problem, there is currently no standard method for evaluating previous treatment outcomes. Development of a tool that could quantify the degree of resistance to previously provided treatments would inform research in patients with PTSD. We conducted a systematic review of PTSD treatment trials to identify medication and psychotherapy interventions proven to be efficacious for PTSD.

Read more

Assessment of Complex Trauma Exposure, Responses, and Service Needs Among Children and Adolescents in Child Welfare

Exposure to multiple, chronic interpersonal traumas, often referred to as complex trauma exposure, can impact several areas of mental health need and functioning. A comprehensive assessment of needs and strengths is essential to making appropriate service recommendations. This study assessed 4,272 youth within the Illinois child welfare system using the Child and Adolescent Needs and Strengths (CANS). A significant proportion of this sample had multiple/chronic caregiver-related trauma.

Read more

Accuracy of assessment instruments for patients' competence to consent to medical treatment or research

This is the protocol for a review and there is no abstract. The objectives are as follows:To assess the reliability and validity of the index tests for competence assessment versus the reference standard in people of any age.

Read more

Accuracy of the MacArthur Competence Assessment Tool for Clinical Research (MacCAT-CR) for Measuring Children's Competence to Consent to Clinical Research

gastroenterology, oncology, ophthalmology, and pulmonology from January 1, 2012, through January 1, 2014. Participants were eligible for clinical research studies, including observational studies and randomized clinical trials. Exposures Competence judgments by experts aware of the 4 relevant criteria—understanding, appreciation, reasoning, and choice—were used to establish the reference standard.

Read more

A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial of a Patient Decision Aid for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

OBJECTIVE: Patient decision aids have been used in many clinical situations to improve the patient centeredness of care. A patient decision aid for patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has not been developed or tested. The authors evaluated the effects of a patient decision aid on the patient centeredness of PTSD treatment.METHODS: The study was a randomized trial of a patient decision aid for PTSD versus treatment as usual (control group). The participants were 132 male and female veterans who presented to a single U.S.

Read more

A safe and healthy future? : epidemiological studies on the health of asylum seekers and refugees in the Netherlands

Asielzoekers en vluchtelingen met een verblijfsvergunning hebben een hoger risico op ongunstige zwangerschapsuitkomsten, bepaalde chronische ziekten en psychische problemen dan andere inwoners van Nederland. De verhoogde risico’s hebben te maken met hun achtergrond en de omstandigheden in het gastland. In dit proefschrift staan aanbevelingen om de gezondheid van asielzoekers en vluchtelingen te verbeteren.

Read more

A Parental Tool to Screen for Posttraumatic Stress in Children: First Psychometric Results

The Children's Revised Impact of Event Scale (CRIES-13) is a brief self-report measure designed to screen children for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This study investigates the psychometric properties of a Dutch version of the CRIES-13–parent version and evaluates its correlation with the child version. A sample of 59 trauma-exposed children (8 years–18 years) and their parents completed an assessment including the CRIES-13 (child/parent version) along with the Anxiety Disorders Interview Schedule for DSM-IV: Parent version. Results demonstrated good internal consistency (?

Read more

Pages