Numerous scholars attempted to investigate the phenomenon of transgenerational impact of war-related trauma on the offsprings,and came with both conflicting and matching evidence. First studies emerged around Holocaust transgenerational trauma, expanding to other war-related cases as twentieth century progressed.

Exposure to war and violence has major consequences for society at large, detrimental impact on people’s individual lives, and may also have intergenerational consequences. To gain more insight into these intergenerational consequences, research addressing the impact of the Holocaust on offspring is an important source of information. The aim of the current study was to systematically review the mechanisms of intergenerational consequences by summarizing characteristics in Holocaust survivors and their offspring suggested to impact the offspring’s mental health.

The Battle of the Java Sea in 1942 was a major victory for the Imperial Japanese Navy. The recently published Senshi Sösho volume 26, The Operation of the Navy in the Dutch East Indies and the Bay of Bengal, contains translated Japanese sources which give insight into Japanese tactics and the Naval Command's appreciation of the battle. The course of the battle proved to be a rude awakening for the Japanese as it put their whole outranging tactic and torpedo tactic into question.

The nature of conflict has changed, putting children in the frontline in new and terrible ways. Wars are lasting longer. They are more likely to be fought in urban areas amongst civilian populations leading to deaths and life-changing injuries, and laying waste to the infrastructure needed to guarantee access to food and water. Attacks on schools and hospitals are up. The denial of humanitarian aid is used as yet another weapon of war. The international rules and basic standards of conduct that exist to protect civilians in conflict are being flouted with impunity.