Top-down and bottom-up control of stress-coping

In this 30th anniversary issue review, we focus on the glucocorticoid modulation of limbic-prefrontocortical circuitry during stress-coping. This action of the stress hormone is mediated by mineralocorticoid receptors (MRs) and glucocorticoid receptors (GRs) that are co-expressed abundantly in these higher brain regions.

Read more

Structural Validity of the World Assumption Scale

The World Assumption Scale (WAS) is a frequently used measure in trauma research. The 32 items of the WAS are intended to represent eight assumptions about the benevolence of the world, the meaningfulness of events, and the worthiness of the self. Debate about the validity of the WAS is ongoing, particularly in terms of its empirical factor structure; some studies have confirmed a model of eight correlated factors whereas several other studies have not.

Read more

Development and Evaluation of the Dutch Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-5 (CAPS-5)

 

Background: In 2013, the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale, the golden standard to assess PTSD, was adapted to the DSM-5 (CAPS-5).

 

Objective: This project aimed to develop a clinically relevant Dutch translation of the CAPS-5 and to investigate its psychometric properties.

 

Read more

PTSD patients show increasing cytokine levels during treatment despite reduced psychological distress

Background: A reciprocal relationship between activated innate immune system and changes in mood and behavior has been established. There is still a paucity of knowledge on how the immune system responds during psychiatric treatment. We aimed to explore circulating cytokines and assess psychiatric symptom severity scores during 12 weeks of inpatient psychiatric treatment.

 

Read more

Mental health outcomes at the end of the British involvement in the Iraq and Afghanistan conflicts : a cohort study

 

Background
Little is known about the prevalence of mental health outcomes in UK personnel at the end of the British involvement in the Iraq and Afghanistan conflicts.

 

Aims
We examined the prevalence of mental disorders and alcohol misuse, whether this differed between serving and ex-serving regular personnel and by deployment status.

 

Read more

Evaluation of the factor structure, prevalence, and validity of disturbed grief in DSM-5 and ICD-11

Highlights

•Psychometric properties of DSM-5 PCBD and ICD-11 PGD have not been previously compared.

•A three-factor model of PCBD and a two-factor model of PGD yielded acceptable fit.

•The prevalence of probable PCBD (6.4%) was significantly lower than PGD (18.0%).

•Predictive validity differed between PCBD and PGD.

•Findings provide preliminary evidence for the validity of PCBD and PGD.

 

Read more

Toward Cultural Assessment of Grief and Grief-Related Psychopathology

Ways of dealing with bereavement and grief are influenced by the norms of one’s cultural identity. Cultural assessment of bereavement and grief is therefore needed for a comprehensive evaluation of grief-related psychopathology and for negotiating appropriate treatment. Cultural aspects of bereavement and grief include cultural traditions related to death, bereavement, and mourning as well as help seeking and coping.

Read more

Seven ways to deal with post-traumatic stress disorder

PTSD can be caused by a range of experiences, from a car crash to rape to surviving a terrorist attack. But how do you know if you have it and what can you do?

Read more

Toward an interdisciplinary conceptualization of moral injury : From unequivocal guilt and anger to moral conflict and disorientation

While the concept of moral injury has been embraced in academic, clinical and public discourses, it is still nascent and needs development regarding the ‘moral’ in ‘moral injury’.

Read more

Early-life and pubertal stress differentially modulate grey matter development in human adolescents

Animal and human studies have shown that both early-life traumatic events and ongoing stress episodes affect neurodevelopment, however, it remains unclear whether and how they modulate normative adolescent neuro-maturational trajectories. We characterized effects of early-life (age 0–5) and ongoing stressors (age 14–17) on longitudinal changes (age 14 to17) in grey matter volume (GMV) of healthy adolescents (n = 37). Timing and stressor type were related to differential GMV changes.

Read more

Pages