Do early interventions prevent PTSD? A systematic review and meta-analysis of the safety and efficacy of early interventions after sexual assault

Objective: To review the safety and efficacy of early interventions after sexual assault in reducing or preventing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

Method: Systematic searches were performed on studies (1980–2018) that examined the efficacy of interventions for PTSD within 3 months after sexual assault.

Feasibility of EMDR for posttraumatic stress disorder in patients with personality disorders : a pilot study

Background: Trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are prevalent in patients with personality disorders. Despite the established efficacy of eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing (EMDR) for PTSD, EMDR has barely been examined in patients with comorbid PTSD and personality disorders.

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Severity and Insomnia‐Related Sleep Disturbances : Longitudinal Associations in a Large, Gender‐Balanced Cohort of Combat‐Exposed Veterans

Few studies have investigated the range and severity of insomnia‐related sleep complaints among veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and the temporal association between insomnia and PTSD severity has yet to be examined. To examine these associations, a large, gender‐balanced cohort of veterans (N = 1,649) of the Iraq and Afghanistan conflicts participated in longitudinal assessments of PTSD and insomnia‐related symptoms over a period of 2.5 years following enrollment (range: 2–4 years).

Individual prediction of psychotherapy outcome in posttraumatic stress disorder using neuroimaging data

Trauma-focused psychotherapy is the first-line treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) but 30–50% of patients do not benefit sufficiently. We investigated whether structural and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI/rs-fMRI) data could distinguish between treatment responders and non-responders on the group and individual level. Forty-four male veterans with PTSD underwent baseline scanning followed by traumafocused psychotherapy.

Effectiveness of trauma-focused treatment for adolescents with major depressive disorder

Background: Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) in adolescence has a high prevalence and risk of disability, but current treatments show limited effectiveness and high drop-out and relapse rates. Although the role of distressing experiences that relate to the development and maintenance of MDD has been recognized for decades, the efficacy of a trauma-focused treatment approach for MDD has hardly been studied.

Can the legacy of trauma be passed down the generations?

Our children and grandchildren are shaped by the genes they inherit from us, but new research is revealing that experiences of hardship or violence can leave their mark too.

 

‘Built for expansion’ : the‘social life’of the WHO’smental health GAP Intervention Guide

The focus of this study is the WHO’s mhGAP-Intervention Guide (mhGAP-IG)2.0 (2016), an evidence-based tool and guideline to help detect, diagnose andmanage the most common mental disorders, designed for use by non-specialistsglobally but particularly in low- and middle-income countries. This research is astarting point in tracing the multiple‘doings’of mhGAP-IG–connectingquestions of how it is‘done’and what does it‘do’–to the living histories andwider global mental health assemblages that make the tool possible and shape itsglobal circulation.

3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)-assisted psychotherapy for post-traumatic stress disorder in military veterans, firefighters, and police officers : a randomised, double-blind, dose-response, phase 2 clinical trial

Background: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is prevalent in military personnel and first responders, many of whom do not respond to currently available treatments. This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)-assisted psychotherapy for treating chronic PTSD in this population.

Overanxious and underslept

Are you feeling anxious? Did you sleep poorly last night? Sleep disruption is a recognized feature of all anxiety disorders. Here, we investigate the basic brain mechanisms underlying the anxiogenic impact of sleep loss. Additionally, we explore whether subtle, societally common reductions in sleep trigger elevated next-day anxiety. Finally, we examine what it is about sleep, physiologically, that provides such an overnight anxiety-reduction benefit.

Posttraumatic stress disorder in partners following severe postpartum haemorrhage : A prospective cohort study

Background: Partners of women are increasingly present during childbirth and may be exposed to a traumatic experience. Since parents’ mental health issues (i.e. posttraumatic stress disorder) have been shown to increase the risk of problems in the child’s development, it is important to identify these risk factors. Partners often describe severe postpartum haemorrhage as traumatic.

 

Aim: Whether witnessing severe postpartum haemorrhage is a risk factor for developing posttraumatic stress disorder in partners.

 

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